〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

2019.11.02. 오전 09:45
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〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2
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●● 멋진 세상 속 건축디자인_ 독일 함부르크 니더하펜 강변의 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간, 프라머네이드(Hamburg's Niederhafen River Promenade)… 겨울 폭풍 해일과 극한 조류로부터 보호하는 홍수 방벽이자 머무름과 이동을 위한 여유로운 산책로

〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

산책로 곳곳에는 돛대 모양의 가로등이 강과 도시를 향해 경사지게 설치되어 있어 밤이 되면 은은하게 주변을 밝혀준다. 산책로의 바닥 마감은 밝은 컬러와 진회색의 화강석을 활용해 계단과 보행로를 구분하고 있다. 계단의 상부는 산책로와 연계된 무대가 되고 계단 아래 영역은 공연과 이벤트를 위한 튼실한 장소가 된다.

〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

Located at Niederhafen on the Elbe River between St. Pauli Landungsbrücken and Baumwall in Hamburg, the upgraded 625m river promenade is integral to the modernisation and reinforcement of the city’s flood protection system.
In the aftermath of storm surge floods in February 1962 that caused 315 fatalities and destroyed the homes of 60,000 residents, between 1964 and 1968 Hamburg developed a barrier on the banks of the Elbe at Niederhafen to protect the city against floods up to a height of 7.20m above sea level. Modern hydrology and computer simulations have since analysed and forecast the city’s flooding characteristics with greater accuracy; calculating that an increase in the barrier height of 0.80m was required to protect Hamburg from future winter storm surges and extreme high tides. Inspections of Niederhafen’s existing flood barrier in 2006 determined that supporting elements of the existing structure were overburdened and its foundations needed significant reinforcement. At this time, the city of Hamburg organized a competition to design the redeveloped flood barrier and subsequently awarded the project to Zaha Hadid Architects.

Hamburg’s Niederhafen flood protection barrier is in a prominent location that incorporates the city’s renowned riverside promenade - a major attraction for tourists and one of Hamburg’s most important public spaces. Situated on top of the flood protection barrier, the promenade provides undisturbed views of the Elbe and the port. With construction of all stages now complete, Zaha Hadid Architects’ design for the redevelopment of Hamburg’s Niederhafen flood protection barrier re-connects its river promenade with the surrounding urban fabric of the city; serving as a popular riverside walkway while also creating links with adjacent neighbourhoods. The linear structure is 8.60m above sea level in its eastern section and 8.90m above sea level in its western section to protect the city from maximum winter storm surges and extreme high tides. A minimum width of ten metres ensures this popular riverside promenade offers generous public spaces for pedestrians, joggers, street performers, food stalls and cafes. Shops and public utilities are also accommodated within the structure at street level facing the city.
Wide staircases resembling small amphitheatres are carved within the flood protection barrier at points where streets from the adjacent neighbourhoods meet the structure; giving passers-by at street level views of the people strolling along the promenade at the top of the barrier as well as views of the masts and superstructures of ships in the Elbe.

〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

These staircases are orientated towards their intersecting city streets: Stubbenhuk, Neustädter Neuer Weg, Rambachstraße, Reimarusstraße and Ditmar-Koel-Straße. New pedestrian crossings connect each street with the river promenade. Alternating with these city-facing stairs, similar amphitheatres facing the river are also carved within the structure; generating an oscillating sequence in the river promenade as it repeatedly widens and narrows. Dedicated cycle lanes at street level run the length of the flood protection barrier. Wide ramps at Baumwell and Landungsbrücken connect the river promenade with street level and provide accessibility for all. A third central ramp enables service vehicles to access the promenade and Überseebrücke.
The river promenade is divided into two sections with different spatial qualities. The zone to the west is at a larger scale, offering wide views downstream of all shipping activity on the river. To the east, the port’s marina creates a more intimate atmosphere with a long ramp alongside the amphitheatre leading visitors down to the water’s edge. A three-storey restaurant and two food kiosks are integrated within the flood protection structure. The top floor of the restaurant cantilevers over its adjacent staircase and gives diners panoramic views of the Elbe. Pedestrian areas of the promenade are clad in a dark, anthracite-coloured granite that contrasts with the light grey granite of the staircases.

Architects: Zaha Hadid Architects(ZHA)
Design(ZHA): Zaha Hadid & Patrik Schumacher
ZHA Project Team: Jan Hübener(project leader), Niels Kespohl, Cornelius
Schlotthauer, Rassul Wassa, Walentina Tradowski, Gonzalo Carbajo, Eren Ciraci
Client: Hamburg Road, Bridge, Waterways & Flood Protection Agency(LSBG)
Project & Support Structure Planning: Ingenieurbüro Grassl Gmbh
Road & Traffic Planning: Schmeck-Junker Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Technical Building Services: Rmn Ingenieure
Geotechnical Consulting: Grundbauingenieure Steinfield Und Partner Gbr
Environmental Impact Assessment: Landschaft & Plan
Hamburg’s total public flood protection system_ Length: 103km, Dykes: 78km, Flood protection: 25km, Structures: 77, Storm surge barriers: 6, Locks: 6, Pumping stations and tidal gates: 27, Large river gates: 38


〔안정원의 건축 칼럼〕 함부르크 니더하펜 강변을 빛내는 유기적이면서 입체적인 공공 공간 2

강변 산책로는 반복적으로 좁아지기도 하고 넓어지기도 하면서 독특한 시퀀스를 생성한다. 거리에는 자전거 전용도로가 마련되어 있고 넓은 경사로는 강변 산책로로의 접근성을 수월하게 만들어준다. 이처럼 니더하펜 강변의 산책로는 도시와 엘베강을 입체적으로 연결하고 자칫 평범하게 인식될 수 있는 강변로를 멋진 추억의 장소로 변모시켜 주고 있다. >>Zaha Hadid & Patrik Schumacher Architect, 자료_ ZHA, Photos by Piet Niemann, 기사 출처_ 데일리 에이앤뉴스 건축디자인대표 미디어신문 AN NEWS(ANN NEWS CENTER) 제공

안정원(비비안안 Vivian AN) 에이앤뉴스 발행인 겸 대표이사, 한양대학교 실내건축디자인학과 겸임교수, 한양대학교 IAB자문교수
기사 제공_ 에이앤뉴스그룹(데일리 에이앤뉴스 Daily AN NEWS_ 건축디자인대표 미디어신문 ‧ ANN TV_ 건축디자인뉴스채널 ‧ 에이앤프레스_건설지, 건설백서, 건설스토리북, 건설엔지니어링북 전문출판사)


[저작권자(c) YTN 무단전재, 재배포 및 AI 데이터 활용 금지]